I have been diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome. How is it cured?

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is common and affects women. Numerous small cysts grow on the ovaries. They are not harmful but cause hormonal imbalances.

Symptoms commonly start in the teens. PCOS can cause problems with periods, getting pregnant, and change how you look. Treatment is important to help control symptoms. Untreated polycystic ovary syndrome can cause serious health problems, such as diabetes and heart disease.

PCOS may be inherited. Initial symptoms are typically mild. Hormone imbalances cause the symptoms. Insulin levels are affected resulting in weight gain and diabetes if not treated. Women usually have some or all of the following symptoms:

• irregular or absent periods
• acne
• coarse hair on face / body
• obesity
• areas of darkened velvety skin on the neck, under arms, groin and skin creases
• failure of ovaries to release eggs
• miscarriage
• infertility
• depression

PCOS is diagnosed by reviewing your health history, evaluating symptoms, and blood tests for hormone levels. Your doctor may order a pelvic ultrasound to look for ovarian cysts.

Complications of PCOS may include type 2 diabetes, heart disease, trouble becoming pregnant, and cancer of the lining of the uterus (due to absence of periods).

There is no cure for PCOS. Treatments are available to control symptoms and include exercise and weight control to lower blood pressure and cholesterol. Medications help balance hormones. Birth control pills regulate your periods and reduce symptoms like facial hair and acne. Diabetic medications control insulin and blood sugar levels. Fertility medications are given when trying to get pregnant. Treatment reduces symptoms and prevents long-term health problems. Many treatments have no noticeable effects for weeks. Medications are prescribed based on the type of symptoms. One or more treatments may be used.

Living with PCOS can cause depression. Be open and honest about symptoms. If you are sad, it may help to talk to a counselor or to other women who have PCOS. Support groups are available. Knowing you are not alone may help.

It is important to follow-up with your doctor to monitor and adjust treatment if needed. Regular tests for diabetes, high blood pressure are important.

For more information about polycystic ovary syndrome or for available programs and services, contact Health Link Alberta where nurses are available 24-7 to provide health advice and information. Call 1-866-408-LINK (5465) or 780-408-LINK (Edmonton area) or 403-943-LINK (Calgary area).